1. LOI – LOI could be issued prior to the signing of MoU / MoA / CA. The LOI should be signed by the Dean/Director and it would serve as a document to confirm the intent or commitment of the University to collaborate with the external party. LOI is not binding and it has no legal effect. Thus, any LOI which has been executed formerly shall be followed and formalised by an execution of MoU / MoA / CA.

 

2. MOA – Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) is a legal instrument entered into between two or more parties for the purpose of collaboration, intended to be legally binding and enforceable by law. 

 

3. MOU – Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is a legal instrument entered into between two or more parties for the purpose of collaboration. It is not enforceable by law.